Getting to know ourselves is an important part of knowing what we bring to conversations, and how we tend to engage with others. Our background, experiences, training, culture, gender, and other factors all contribute to who we are.
In this section, we invite you to examine some of your experiences and biases. By becoming more self-aware, we bring more knowledge and tools to difficult conversations.
Instruction: For this activity, we want you to look inward to best understand how your lifestyle and experiences shape your opinions and beliefs.
1) To begin, let’s learn a little about you:
2) Now for each of these points, think of one way that this feature impacts your perspectives. This is key to recognizing your biases. These features of your personality, even if they seem small, can affect how you form opinions, and guide you through conversations.
Go to your Workbook and write your answers, and then click on the checkbox.
Go to your Workbook and write your answers, and then click on the checkbox.
In any conversation, each person’s dignity should be protected, and the people involved in the conversation should strive to maintain mutual respect. Implicit biases are one of the aspects that can threaten that dignity and respect in the conversation.
We all have biases; they‘re part of our learning and upbringing. They can both tell parts of our stories (who we are, what matters to us) and can cause harm when they knowingly or unknowingly impact situations (e.g., not shortlisting an interview candidate based on their gender).
In work, research, and school environments, there are some common ways that actions and behaviours that are barriers to constructive conversations.
Instruction: Explore the various behaviours by clicking on the titles in the list.
Perfectionism
A disposition to regard anything short of perfection as unacceptable
Favouritism
The practice of giving unfair preferential treatment to one person or group at the expense of another
Gossiping
Revealing personal or sensational facts about others
Back-channeling
Using secret, unofficial, or irregular means of communication
Comparison
Representing one thing or person to another (could be better, worse, or the same)
Self-worth tied to productivity
The belief that one’s value as a person is dependent on their success at accomplishing certain tasks
Harassment
When an unpleasant or hostile situation is created especially by uninvited and unwelcome verbal or physical conduct
Discrimination
The unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people
Power over
To assert control or authority over someone or something
Bullying
The abuse and mistreatment of someone vulnerable by someone stronger, more powerful, etc.
Blaming
The act of assigning the responsibility for something negative to someone or something
Teasing
Attempting to provoke or make fun of someone in a playful way
Cover-ups
An attempt to prevent people’s discovering the truth about a mistake or crime
Stonewalling
Delaying or blocking a process by refusing to answer questions or by giving evasive replies
Interrupting
To break in with questions or remarks while another is speaking
Fogging
To make an idea or situation difficult to understand
Have you ever noticed any of them during conversations, meetings, online spaces, or other interactions?
Very often, these actions come from feelings of shame. We address that concept here because our own feelings of shame can hinder a constructive conversation, and recognizing shame in others can help us to better understand them.
In contrast, humiliation is very similar to shame with one important exception: We believe we deserve our shame, whereas we don’t believe we deserve our humiliation.
We have identified several common ways that barriers can affect communication. From the list below, write in your Workbook three examples that you have encountered – or engaged in – in your workplace (don’t worry – your responses are completely anonymous!).
For each of the three responses of barriers that you selected, please write a few sentences in your Workbook about how these behaviours have affected you or your work.
What is one commitment that you would be willing to make to start changing the things way you approach such responses in your life?
We understand that some of these topics may be uncomfortable to discuss. You are welcome to write down as much, or as little as you want.
Go to your Workbook and write your answers, and then click on the checkbox.
During a conversation, people often use strategies of disconnection to shield (hide) their feelings (which can be of shame). As you read/hear/see the examples, identify the ones have you have done or experienced?
Moving Away
Withdrawing, hiding, silencing ourselves and keeping secrets
Moving Towards
Seeking to appease and please
Moving Against
Trying to gain power over others, being aggressive, and using shame to fight shame.
The following questions are aimed at making you address your own shields, and can help identify areas that could present challenges during difficult conversations. Please write your answers in your workbook. You could also add some examples to our conversation space on Discord
We all use armour to protect ourselves, but that armour prevents us from growing, being seen, and connecting. It might look like:
Source: Dare to Lead, Brené Brown
Instructions: Here are some things that might happen. Choose your top three to keep in mind as you work through the module.
Go to your Workbook and write your answers, and then click on the checkbox.
Let’s do some metacognitive work!
_____ Vulnerability is weakness.
_____ I don’t do vulnerability.
_____ I can go it alone.
_____ You can engineer the uncertainty and discomfort out of vulnerability.
_____ Trust comes before vulnerability.
_____ Vulnerability is disclosure.
Go to your Workbook and write your answers.
Now that we’ve talked about some aspects that can hinder a conversation, let’s talk about the powerful ways that empathy can strengthen and support a difficult conversation.
Instructions: Write your own definition then compare it with ours. You might also want to include what it feels like physically and emotionally.
Select all that apply.
_____ Make eye contact
_____ Look away so I don’t feel so self-conscious
_____ Reach out to hug me
_____ Give me my space
_____ Respond right away
_____ Just listen and stay quiet
Select all that apply.
_____ Worry about saying the wrong thing
_____ Want to say something really comforting
_____ Get nervous
_____ Worry about not feeling anything
_____ Don’t know what to do if I really don’t want to know
_____ Want to fix it.
Go to your Workbook and write your answers, and then click on the checkbox.
Case study: Making eye contact
One person who answered this question previously was autistic. She said that making eye contact would be the least desirable thing as it makes her feel uncomfortable.
In the same workshop, another person said that they wanted eye contact so they could feel better understood.
In a conversation it is essential to understand each participants needs and preferences. Another great reason for communication, even about the conversation!
Empathy misses:
Sympathy vs empathy:
The friend who responds with sympathy (“I feel so sorry for you”) rather than empathy (“I get it, I feel with you, and I’ve been there”).
The gasp and awe:
The friend who hears your story and feels shame on your behalf. They may gasp and may tell you how horrified you should be (“Oh my goodness, I’d just die”) and you have to rush in to say (“No, it’s okay”) and try to make that person feel better.
The mighty fall:
The friend who sees you as the pillar of worthiness and authenticity. They are so let down by your imperfections and disappointed in you (“I just never expected that from you. I didn’t think you would ever be someone who didn’t do well. What happened?”)
The block and tackle:
The friend is so uncomfortable with vulnerability that they scold you (“What happened?! What was going through your head?”). Or the friend is looking for someone else to blame (“Who is that person? Who do they think they are?! Ugh.”)
The boots and shovel:
The friend who is all about making it better and, out of his or her own discomfort, refuses to acknowledge that you can actually be wrong and make terrible choices (“You’re exaggerating. It wasn’t that bad. You rock. You’re perfect. Everyone loves you”). They are trying so hard to make you feel better that they aren’t able to connect with your emotions.
If you think that’s bad:
The friend who confuses “connection” with the opportunity to one-up you. (“That’s nothing. Listen to what happened to me one time!”)
Don’t import your emotions, values, opinions, experiences… onto them “You must feel good/bad/excited”… They might feel the opposite. Let them tell you how they feel; ask them how they feel.
Empathy plays an important role in truly understanding the other person and connecting with their emotions.
Go to your Workbook and write your answers, and come back to continue.
1
To see the world as others see it, or perspective taking
2
To be nonjudgmental
3
To understand another person’s feelings
4
To communicate your understanding of that person’s feelings
5
Mindfulness